Developed in 1970 by mathematician John Conway, the Game of Life is a cellular automaton set on a square grid of tiles that is guided by a simple set of rules:
- A tile is either alive or dead.
- A living cell will survive to the next generation if and only if it has 2 or 3 (out of 8 possible) living neighbors.
- A dead cell will come to life in the next generation if and only if it has 2 living neighbors.
With just those simple rules the Game of Life can be carried out procedurally from any starting arrangement of living and dead tiles. This rich game has since sparked the cellular automata genre as a whole and has served as both a recreational and a research activity for many mathematicians or simple hobbyists for over half a century.